Large scalar multiplet dark matter in the high-mass region

TL;DR

This paper investigates high-mass scalar dark matter models with large electroweak multiplets, analyzing relic abundance, experimental constraints, and the implications of Landau poles indicating new physics.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of multi-TeV scalar dark matter models with large multiplets, including effects of Sommerfeld enhancement and co-annihilations, and explores their experimental viability.

Findings

Dark matter candidates require multi-TeV masses due to large annihilation cross sections.

Relic abundance calculations are significantly affected by Sommerfeld enhancement and co-annihilations.

Models remain unconstrained by current direct detection but will be tested by future experiments.

Abstract

We study two models of scalar dark matter from "large" electroweak multiplets with isospin 5/2 (n=6 members) and 7/2 (n=8), whose scalar potentials preserve a $Z_2$ symmetry. Because of large annihilation cross sections due to electroweak interactions, these scalars can constitute all the dark matter only for masses in the multi-TeV range. For such high masses, Sommerfeld enhancement and co-annihilations play important roles in the dark matter relic abundance calculation, reducing the upper bound on the large multiplet's mass by almost a factor of two. We determine the allowed parameter ranges including both of these effects and show that these models are as yet unconstrained by dark matter direct detection experiments, but will be probed by currently-running and proposed future experiments. We also show that a Landau pole appears in these models at energy scales below $10^9$ GeV, indicating the presence of additional new physics below that scale.