Charge conservation effects for high order fluctuations

TL;DR

This paper investigates how exact charge conservation influences high-order fluctuations in particle multiplicities, revealing suppression effects and potential negative skewness or kurtosis in small systems.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of charge conservation effects on fluctuations, highlighting their dependence on the charge distribution among particles and system size.

Findings

Charge conservation suppresses fluctuations in large systems.

Small systems may exhibit negative skewness or kurtosis due to charge conservation.

Fluctuation behavior depends on the charge carried by particles of interest.

Abstract

The exact charge conservation significantly impacts multiplicity fluctuations. The result depends strongly on the part of the system charge carried by the particles of interest. Along with the expected suppression of fluctuations for large systems, charge conservation may lead to negative skewness or kurtosis for small systems.