Landau levels for electromagnetic wave

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that electromagnetic waves in rotating dielectric media exhibit Landau quantization, leading to broken helicity degeneracy and helical photon propagation, revealing novel quantum effects in classical wave systems.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of Landau levels for photons in rotating media and describes the resulting helical vortex effects, a novel quantum phenomenon in electromagnetic wave propagation.

Findings

Photon frequencies obey Landau quantization in rotating media

Degeneracy of photon helicities is broken at the lowest Landau level

Helical propagation of photons leads to a helical vortical effect

Abstract

In this paper we show that the frequencies of propagating electromagnetic wave (photon) in rotating dielectric medium obey Landau quantization. We show that the degeneracy of right and left helicities of photons is broken on the lowest Landau level. In homogeneous space this level is shown to be helical, i.e. left and right helical photons counter-propagate. This leads to helical vortical effect for photons.