Morphological and Biochemical Adaptive Changes Associated With A Short-period Starvation of Adult Male Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica)

TL;DR

This study examined the morphological and biochemical effects of short-term starvation on adult male Japanese quail, revealing organ-specific changes and metabolic alterations after 2.5 days of food deprivation.

Contribution

It provides detailed insights into the organ-specific morphological and biochemical adaptations of Japanese quail to short-term starvation, which was not extensively studied before.

Findings

Significant reduction in body, gastrointestinal tract, stomach, and liver masses.

Depletion of glycogen and cellular changes in the liver and duodenum.

Altered biochemical parameters including decreased total protein, AST, ALT, and increased cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL.

Abstract

Background The morphological and biochemical impact of a short-period of starvation on Japanese quail was investigated. Materials and methods Ten adult male Japanese quail were divided into two groups; control fed and starved. The control-fed group was offered food and water ad libitum and the starved group was subjected to a short-period of food deprivation. After 2.5 days, the serum was obtained and different parameters including the total protein, AST, ALT, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, creatinine and urea were assessed. Gastrointestinal tract, stomach and liver were excised and their masses were estimated. Paraffin and resin embedded sections from the proventriculus, gizzard, liver, duodenum, kidney and pancreas were examined with a light microscopy. Results Significant decreases in the masses of body, gastrointestinal tract, stomach and liver of the starved group were recorded. The liver and duodenum were the most affected organs. The liver showed depletion of glycogen, vacuolation, hyperemia and cellular infiltrations. Duodenal villi showed degenerative changes in lamina epithelialis and cellular infiltrations in the lamina propria. Biochemical analysis revealed a decreased level of total protein, AST and ALT, increased cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL, and unchanged HDL, urea and creatinine by starvation. Conclusion The current study described in details the effect of short time starvation on quail organs. Time-point adaptive responses of male quail to starvation and refeeding on quail organs will be investigated in future studies.