Active matter logic for autonomous microfluidics

TL;DR

This paper introduces a theoretical framework for active matter logic (AML) that leverages the non-local properties of active flow networks to enable universal logical operations, paving the way for autonomous microfluidic devices.

Contribution

It presents a novel theoretical approach combining active matter physics with computational logic, demonstrating how active flow networks can perform universal computation.

Findings

Active flow networks can implement logical gates like Fredkin gates.

Non-locality in active flow networks enables complex logical operations.

Framework supports development of autonomous microfluidic devices.

Abstract

Chemically or optically powered active matter plays an increasingly important role in materials design but its computational potential has yet to be explored systematically. The competition between energy consumption and dissipation imposes stringent physical constraints on the information transport in active flow networks, facilitating global optimization strategies that are not well understood. Here, we combine insights from recent microbial experiments with concepts from lattice-field theory and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics to introduce a generic theoretical framework for active matter logic (AML). Highlighting conceptual differences with classical and quantum computation, we demonstrate how the inherent non-locality of incompressible active flow networks can be utilized to construct universal logical operations, Fredkin gates and memory storage in SR latches through the synchronized self-organization of many individual network components. Our work lays the conceptual foundation for developing autonomous microfluidic transport devices driven by bacterial fluids, active liquid crystals or chemically engineered motile colloids.