On the frequency distribution of neutral particles from low-energy strong interactions

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel approach to estimate the frequency distribution of background particles within individual collision events at hadron colliders, addressing a gap in current probability-based methods.

Contribution

It presents the first attempt to estimate background particle frequency distributions inside single events, linking particle-level views with subtraction techniques at the LHC.

Findings

Preliminary results demonstrate the feasibility of the approach.

The method connects particle weighting techniques with event-specific background estimation.

Potential improvements in background rejection at collider experiments.

Abstract

The rejection of the contamination, or background, from low-energy strong interactions at hadron collider experiments is a topic that has received significant attention in the field of particle physics. This article builds on a particle-level view of collision events, in line with recently-proposed subtraction methods. While conventional techniques in the field usually concentrate on probability distributions, our study is, to our knowledge, the first attempt at estimating the frequency distribution of background particles across the kinematic space inside individual collision events. In fact, while the probability distribution can generally be estimated given a model of low-energy strong interactions, the corresponding frequency distribution inside a single event typically deviates from the average and cannot be predicted a priori. We present preliminary results in this direction, and establish a connection between our technique and the particle weighting methods that have been the subject of recent investigation at the Large Hadron Collider.