Variation in energy stored and dissipated in type-II superconductor in applied ac magnetic field with relative phase of two sinusoidal components of the field

TL;DR

This study investigates how the energy stored and dissipated in a type-II superconductor's hysteresis response varies with the phase difference of two sinusoidal magnetic field components, supported by analytical and experimental results.

Contribution

It reveals the phase-dependent energy variation in a superconductor under combined sinusoidal magnetic fields, combining analytical modeling with experimental validation.

Findings

Energy stored and dissipated vary with phase difference.

Analytical expressions match experimental data.

Phase control affects superconductor hysteresis behavior.

Abstract

We show that both the energy stored and dissipated by a system with hysteretic nonlinearity in an applied field varies with the relative phase of the sinusoidal components of the field, even if the magnitude of these components, and thus an effective value of the field, are kept constant. The explored system is a type-II superconductor in the critical state subjected to a time varying applied magnetic field. Complete analytical expressions for hysteresis loops, determined from basic physical phenomena, are known for this system. A theoretically predicted variation in the energy is in good agreement with our experimental measurements.