Modeling and Simulation of the Current Quenching Behavior of a Line Lightning Protection Device

TL;DR

This paper presents a comprehensive model for Line Lightning Protection Devices that explains their current quenching modes through both theoretical analysis and 3D simulations, aiding future device optimization.

Contribution

The paper introduces a unified model explaining impulse and current zero quenching modes, validated by 3D arc simulations coupled with circuit models.

Findings

Impulse quenching occurs when arc power loss exceeds a threshold related to grid voltage and follow current.

Both quenching modes can be reproduced using coupled 3D arc and circuit simulations.

The model enables optimization of LLPDs for improved lightning protection.

Abstract

We develop a consistent model for a Line Lightning Protection Device and demonstrate that this model can explain the two modes of current quenching -- impulse quenching and current zero quenching -- observed in such devices. A dimensional analysis shows that impulse quenching can always be obtained if the power loss from the electric arcs is large enough as compared to $U_0 I_f$, where $U_0$ is the grid voltage and $I_f$ is the maximum follow current after a lightning strike. We further show that the two modes of quenching can be reproduced in a full 3D arc simulations coupled to the appropriate circuit model. This means the arc simulations can be used for optimization and development of future LLPDs.