First law and Smarr formula of black hole mechanics in nonlinear gauge theories

TL;DR

This paper derives a generalized first law and Smarr formula for black holes in nonlinear gauge theories, addressing previous inconsistencies and applying to a broad class of such black holes.

Contribution

It introduces a new formulation of the first law and Smarr formula for black holes with nonlinear gauge fields, incorporating additional parameters and invariants.

Findings

Corrected first law for Bardeen and Born-Infeld black holes

Derived a general Smarr formula from the first law

Applicable to a wide class of nonlinear gauge black holes

Abstract

Motivated by the fact that Bardeen black holes do not satisfy the usual first law and Smarr formula, we derive a generalized first law from the Lagrangian of nonlinear gauge field coupled to gravity. In our treatment, the Lagrangian is a function of the electromagnetic invariant as well as some additional parameters. Consequently, we obtain new terms in the first law. With our formula, we find the correct forms of the first law for Bardeen black holes and Born-Infeld black holes. By scaling arguments, we also derive a general Smarr formula from the first law. Our results apply to a wide class of black holes with nonlinear gauge fields.