Beyond the Boost: Measuring the intrinsic dipole of the CMB using the spectral distortions of the monopole and quadrupole

TL;DR

This paper develops a framework to distinguish between motion-induced and intrinsic dipoles in the CMB by analyzing spectral distortions in low multipoles, enabling potential detection of intrinsic dipoles with future experiments.

Contribution

It introduces a spectral modeling method to separate intrinsic and motion-induced CMB dipoles using spectral distortions in low multipoles.

Findings

Spectral distortions peak at 337 GHz and 276 GHz for monopole and quadrupole leakage.

Intrinsic dipole leakage detectable at 40 nK and 130 nK levels with PIXIE-like experiments.

Method can lift degeneracy between motion-induced and intrinsic CMB dipoles.

Abstract

We present a general framework for accurate spectral modeling of the low multipoles of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) as observed in a boosted frame. In particular, we demonstrate how spectral measurements of the low multipoles can be used to separate the motion-induced dipole of the CMB from a possible intrinsic dipole component. In a moving frame, the leakage of an intrinsic dipole moment into the CMB monopole and quadrupole induces spectral distortions with distinct frequency functions that respectively peak at 337 GHz and 276 GHz. The leakage into the quadrupole moment also induces a geometrical distortion to the spatial morphology of this mode. The combination of these effects can be used to lift the degeneracy between the motion-induced dipole and any intrinsic dipole that the CMB might possess. Assuming the current peculiar velocity measurements, the leakage of an intrinsic dipole with an amplitude of $\Delta T = 30\mu$K into the monopole and quadrupole moments will be detectable by a PIXIE--like experiment at $\sim 40~$nK ($2.5\sigma$) and $\sim 130~$nK ($11\sigma$) level at their respective peak frequencies.