Pair Production, Vacuum Polarization and Anomaly in (A)dS and Charged Black Holes

TL;DR

This paper investigates particle production mechanisms like the Schwinger effect and Hawking radiation in (A)dS spaces and charged black holes, linking these phenomena to vacuum persistence and quantum anomalies.

Contribution

It introduces a reconstruction conjecture to derive effective actions for particle distributions and applies phase-integral methods to analyze effects in various spacetime backgrounds.

Findings

Effective action for particle distributions derived

Schwinger effect in AdS2 computed via phase-integral method

Hawking radiation and Schwinger effect rederived and interpreted

Abstract

We explore the connection between the distribution of particles spontaneously produced from an electric field or black hole and the vacuum persistence, twice the imaginary part of the one-loop effective action. Employing the reconstruction conjecture, we find the effective action for the Bose-Einstein or Fermi-Dirac distribution. The Schwinger effect in ${\rm AdS}_2$ is computed via the phase-integral method in the static coordinates. The Hawking radiation and Schwinger effect of a charged black hole is rederived and interpreted via the phase-integral. Finally, we discuss the relation between the vacuum persistence and the trace or gravitational anomalies.