Efficient quantum communications with multiplexed coherent state fingerprints

TL;DR

This paper introduces a quantum communication protocol using multiplexed coherent state fingerprints that outperforms classical methods in efficiency for estimating Euclidean distances between vectors.

Contribution

It presents the first quantum protocol for a distributed task that surpasses classical protocols in both communication and information efficiency.

Findings

Quantum protocol is asymptotically more efficient than classical counterparts.

Introduces multiplexed coherent state fingerprints for quantum communication.

Achieves efficient Euclidean distance estimation within a constant factor.

Abstract

We provide the first example of a communication model and a distributed task, for which there exists a realistic quantum protocol which is asymptotically more efficient than any classical protocol, both in the communication and the information resources. For this, we extend a recently proposed coherent state mapping for quantum communication protocols, introduce the notion of multiplexed coherent state fingerprints and show how to use them to design an efficient quantum protocol for estimating the Euclidean distance of two real vectors within a constant factor.