(Non-adiabatic) string creation on nice slices in Schwarzschild black holes

TL;DR

This paper investigates string-theoretic effects on nice slices in Schwarzschild black holes to understand potential breakdowns of effective field theory and explore mechanisms like firewalls, identifying two key non-adiabatic effects near the horizon.

Contribution

It analyzes non-adiabatic string effects on nice slices in Schwarzschild black holes, addressing open questions about firewalls and effective field theory breakdowns.

Findings

Identified pair production of open strings near the horizon.

Discovered a late-time non-adiabatic effect intrinsic to nice slices.

Provided insights into string effects relevant to the black hole information paradox.

Abstract

Nice slices have played a pivotal role in the discussion of the black hole information paradox as they avoid regions of strong spacetime curvature and yet smoothly cut through the infalling matter and the outgoing Hawking radiation, thus, justifying the use of low energy field theory. To avoid information loss it has been argued recently, however, that local effective field theory has to break down at the horizon. To assess the extent of this breakdown in a UV complete framework we study string-theoretic effects on nice slices in Schwarzschild black holes. Our purpose is two-fold. First, we use nice slices to address various open questions and caveats of arXiv:1402.1486 where it was argued that boost-enhanced non-adiabatic string-theoretic effects at the horizon could provide a dynamical mechanism for the firewall. Second, we identify two non-adiabatic effects on nice slices in Schwarzschild black holes: pair production of open strings near the horizon enhanced by the presence of the infinite tower of highly excited string states and a late-time non-adiabatic effect intrinsic to nice slices.