Elliptic regularity and quantitative homogenization on percolation clusters

TL;DR

This paper proves quantitative homogenization and regularity results for random conductance models on percolation clusters, extending classical harmonic analysis to porous media with stochastic geometry.

Contribution

It introduces the first quantitative homogenization framework for percolation clusters, combining percolation geometry with elliptic regularity and harmonic approximation.

Findings

Large-scale regularity and homogenization estimates established

Solutions grow like harmonic polynomials with the same dimension as classical cases

Random scales have stretched exponential moments

Abstract

We establish quantitative homogenization, large-scale regularity and Liouville results for the random conductance model on a supercritical (Bernoulli bond) percolation cluster. The results are also new in the case that the conductivity is constant on the cluster. The argument passes through a series of renormalization steps: first, we use standard percolation results to find a large scale above which the geometry of the percolation cluster behaves (in a sense made precise) like that of Euclidean space. Then, following the work of Barlow, we find a succession of larger scales on which certain functional and elliptic estimates hold. This gives us the analytic tools to adapt the quantitative homogenization program of Armstrong and Smart to estimate the yet larger scale on which solutions on the cluster can be well-approximated by harmonic functions on $\mathbb{R}^d$. This is the first quantitative homogenization result in a porous medium and the harmonic approximation allows us to estimate the scale on which a higher-order regularity theory holds. The size of each of these random scales is shown to have at least a stretched exponential moment. As a consequence of this regularity theory, we obtain a Liouville-type result that states that, for each $k\in\mathbb{N}$, the vector space of solutions growing at most like $o(|x|^{k+1})$ as $|x|\to \infty$ has the same dimension as the set of harmonic polynomials of degree at most $k$, generalizing a result of Benjamini, Duminil-Copin, Kozma, and Yadin from $k\le1$ to $k\in\mathbb{N}$.