Elliptic equations with critical exponent on a torus invariant region of $S^3$

TL;DR

This paper investigates the number of positive solutions to a critical elliptic PDE on a region of the 3-sphere invariant under a torus action, showing solutions proliferate as a parameter tends to negative infinity.

Contribution

It extends previous work by analyzing solutions on a torus-invariant region, providing new insights into solution multiplicity for critical elliptic equations.

Findings

Number of solutions increases as λ → -∞

Generalizes previous spherical cap results to torus-invariant regions

Addresses an open problem by Brezis and Peletier

Abstract

We study the multiplicity of positive solutions of the critical elliptic equation: $ \Delta_{\mathbb{S}^3} U = -(U^5 +\lambda U) \hspace{0.3cm}\hbox{ on } \Omega$ that vanish on the boundary of $\Omega$, where $\Omega$ is a region of $\mathbb{S}^3$ which is invariant by the natural $\mathbb{T}^2$-action. H. Brezis and L. A. Peletier consider the case in which $\Omega$ is invariant by the $SO(3)$-action, namely, when $\Omega$ is a spherical cap. We show that the number of solutions increases as $\lambda \to -\infty$, giving an answer of a particular case of an open problem proposed by H. Brezis and L. A. Peletier.