Influence of solar flares on behavior of solar neutrino flux

TL;DR

This paper models how solar flares influence electron neutrino flux through resonance transitions, considering magnetic fields and neutrino properties, and discusses implications for solar neutrino detection and decay rates.

Contribution

It introduces a general evolution equation for neutrino flux in solar matter with magnetic fields, applicable to various neutrino models, and analyzes the impact of solar flares on neutrino flux modifications.

Findings

Solar flares further weaken electron neutrino flux via additional resonance conversions.

Neutrino flux reduction depends on whether neutrinos are Majorana or Dirac particles.

Resonance transitions are influenced by solar magnetic fields and flare activity.

Abstract

Limiting ourselves to two flavor approximation the motion of the neutrino flux in the solar matter and twisting magnetic field is considered. For the neutrino system described by the 4-component wave function $\Psi^T = (\nu_{eL}, \nu_{XL}, {\overline\nu}_{eR}, {\overline\nu}_{XL})$, where $X=\mu, \tau$, an evolution equation is found. Our consideration carries general character, that is, it holds for any SM extensions with massive neutrinos. The resonance transitions of the electron neutrinos are investigated. Factors which influence on the electron neutrino flux, crossing a region of solar flares (SF) are defined. When the SF is absent a terrestrial detector records the electron neutrino flux weakened at the cost both of vacuum oscillations and of the MSW resonance conversion only. On the other hand, the electron neutrino flux passed the SF region in preflare period proves to be further weakened in so far as it undergoes one (Majorana neutrino) or two (Dirac neutrino) additional resonance conversions, apart from the MSW resonance and vacuum oscillations. The hypothesis of the $\nu_e$-induced decays which states that decreasing the beta decay rates of some elements of the periodic table is caused by reduction of the solar neutrino flux is discussed as well. PACS number(s): 12.60.Cn, 14.60.Pg, 96.60.Kx, 95.85.Qx, 96.60.Rd.