Analysis of classical phase space and energy transfer for two rotating dipoles in an electric field

TL;DR

This paper investigates the classical dynamics and energy transfer mechanisms of two fixed, rotating dipoles in an electric field, revealing complex behaviors including abrupt transitions and chaos depending on initial energy and field strength.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of phase space structures and Hamiltonian formulation to understand energy transfer and transitions in dipole systems under external electric fields.

Findings

Abrupt transition between equipartition and non-equipartition regimes in field-free case.

Electric field induces complex, chaotic energy transfer behaviors.

Identification of different energy regimes influenced by initial energy and field strength.

Abstract

We explore the classical dynamics of two interacting rotating dipoles that are fixed in the space and exposed to an external homogeneous electric field. Kinetic energy transfer mechanisms between the dipoles are investigated varying both the amount of initial excess kinetic energy of one of them and the strength of the electric field. In the field-free case, and depending on the initial excess energy an abrupt transition between equipartition and non-equipartition regimes is encountered. The study of the phase space structure of the system as well as the formulation of the Hamiltonian in an appropriate coordinate frame provide a thorough understanding of this sharp transition. When the electric field is turned on, the kinetic energy transfer mechanism is significantly more complex and the system goes through different regimes of equipartition and non-equipartition of the energy including chaotic behavior.