Circuit Covers of Cubic Signed Graphs

TL;DR

This paper establishes improved upper bounds on the shortest circuit cover length for flow-admissible 2-edge-connected cubic signed graphs, refining previous bounds and considering graphs with even negativeness.

Contribution

It provides new tighter bounds for the shortest circuit cover in flow-admissible 2-edge-connected cubic signed graphs, especially those with even negativeness.

Findings

For flow-admissible graphs, scc(G,σ) ≤ 26|E(G)|/9.

For graphs with even negativeness, scc(G,σ) ≤ 23|E(G)|/9.

Improves previous bounds on circuit covers in signed graphs.

Abstract

A signed graph is a graph $G$ associated with a mapping $\sigma: E(G)\to \{-1,+1\}$, denoted by $(G,\sigma)$. A $cycle$ of $(G,\sigma)$ is a connected 2-regular subgraph. A cycle $C$ is $positive$ if it has an even number of negative edges, and negative otherwise. A $circuit$ of of a signed graph $(G,\sigma)$ is a positive cycle or a barbell consisting of two edge-disjoint negative cycles joined by a path. The definition of a circuit of signed graph comes from the signed-graphic matroid. A circuit cover of $(G,\sigma)$ is a family of circuits covering all edges of $(G,\sigma)$. A circuit cover with the smallest total length is called a shortest circuit cover of $(G,\sigma)$ and its length is denoted by $\text{scc}(G,\sigma)$. Bouchet proved that a signed graph with a circuit cover if and only if it is flow-admissible (i.e., has a nowhere-zero integer flow). M\'a\v{c}ajov\'a et. al. show that a 2-edge-connected signed graph $(G,\sigma)$ has $\text{scc}(G,\sigma)\le 9 |E(G)|$ if it is flow-admissible. This bound was improved recently by Cheng et. al. to $\text{scc}(G,\sigma) \le 11|E(G)|/3$ for 2-edge-connected signed graphs with even negativeness, and particularly, $\text{scc}(G,\sigma)\le 3|E(G)|+\epsilon(G,\sigma)/3$ for 2-edge-connected cubic signed graphs with even negativeness (where $\epsilon(G,\sigma)$ is the negativeness of $(G,\sigma)$). In this paper, we show that every 2-edge-connected cubic signed graph has $\text{scc}(G,\sigma)\le 26|E(G)|/9$ if it is flow-admissible, and $\text{scc}(G,\sigma)\le 23|E(G)|/9$ if it has even negativeness.