Effects of individual attitudes and motion decisions in room evacuation models

TL;DR

This paper introduces a pedestrian evacuation model incorporating behavioral traits and game theory, revealing that intermediate social attitudes optimize evacuation efficiency and relate to the faster-is-slower phenomenon.

Contribution

It presents a novel evacuation model that integrates individual attitudes, game theory, and behavioral interactions, providing insights into optimal crowd behaviors and clogging phenomena.

Findings

Intermediate attitudes reduce evacuation time

Neither fully egotistic nor fully cooperative behaviors are optimal

The model demonstrates phenomena similar to faster-is-slower

Abstract

In this work we present a model for the evacuation of pedestrians from an enclosure considering a continuous space substrate and discrete time. We analyze the influence of behavioral features that affect the use of the empty space, that can be linked to the attitudes or characters of the pedestrians. We study how the interaction of different behavioral profiles affects the needed time to evacuate completely a room and the occurrence of clogging. We find that neither fully egotistic nor fully cooperative attitudes are optimal from the point of view of the crowd. In contrast, intermediate behaviors provide lower evacuation times. This lead us to identify some phenomena closely analogous to the {\em faster-is-slower} effect. The proposed model enables for the introduction of Game Theory elements to solve conflicts between pedestrians which try to occupy the same space. Moreover, it allows for distinguishing between the role of the attitudes in the search for empty space and the attitudes in the conflicts. In the present version we only focus on the first of these instances.