VVV High proper motion stars I. The catalogue of bright Ks < 13.5 stars

TL;DR

This paper presents a new near-infrared proper motion catalogue derived from the VVV survey, identifying 3003 moving stars, including nearby M-dwarfs and binary systems, enhancing the census of stars near the Sun.

Contribution

The study introduces a comprehensive near-IR proper motion catalogue based on VVV data, including 3003 objects and new nearby binary candidates, improving the understanding of local stellar populations.

Findings

Catalogue includes 3003 verified proper motion stars.

Identifies 57 common proper motion binary candidates.

Discovers two new systems within ~30pc of the Sun.

Abstract

Knowledge of the stellar content near the Sun is important for a broad range of topics ranging from the search for planets to the study of Milky Way structure. The most powerful method for identifying potentially nearby stars is proper motion (PM) surveys. All old optical surveys avoid, or are at least substantially incomplete, near the Galactic plane. The depth and breadth of the "Vista Variables in Via Lactea" (VVV) near-IR survey significantly improves this situation. Taking advantage of the VVV survey database, we have measured PMs in the densest regions of the MW bulge and southern plane in order to complete the census of nearby objects. We have developed a custom PM pipeline based on VVV catalogues from the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit (CASU), by comparing the first epoch of JHKs with the multi-epoch Ks-bands acquired later. Taking advantage of the large time baseline between the 2MASS and the VVV observations, we also obtained 2MASS-VVV PMs. We present a near-IR proper motion catalogue for the whole area of the VVV survey, which includes 3003 moving stellar sources. All of these have been visually inspected and are real PM objects. Our catalogue is in very good agreement with the proper motion data supplied in IR catalogues outside the densest zone of the MW. The majority of the PM objects in our catalogue are nearby M-dwarfs, as expected. This new database allow us to identify 57 common proper motion binary candidates, among which are two new systems within ~30pc of the Sun.