On the p-adic Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture for elliptic curves over number fields

TL;DR

This paper formulates and proves a multi-variable p-adic Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture for certain elliptic curves over number fields, extending previous one-variable cases and connecting to deep conjectures in number theory.

Contribution

It introduces a multi-variable p-adic BSD conjecture for elliptic curves over number fields and proves it in specific cases, including the genuinely multi-variable rank 1 case.

Findings

Proved the conjecture for imaginary quadratic fields with rank 0 or 1.

Established the multi-variable case with two exceptional zeros.

Connected the conjecture to conjectures of Bertolini-Darmon and p-adic Gross--Zagier formulas.

Abstract

We formulate a multi-variable p-adic Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture for p-ordinary elliptic curves A over number fields K. It generalises the one-variable conjecture of Mazur-Tate-Teitelbaum, who studied the case K=Q and the phenomenon of exceptional zeros. We discuss old and new theoretical evidence towards our conjecture and in particular we fully prove it, under mild conditions, in the following situation: K is imaginary quadratic, A=E_K is the base-change to K of an elliptic curve over the rationals, and the rank of A is either 0 or 1. The proof is naturally divided into a few cases. Some of them are deduced from the purely cyclotomic case of elliptic curves over Q, which we obtain from a refinement of recent work of Venerucci alongside the results of Greenberg-Stevens, Perrin-Riou, and the author. The only genuinely multi-variable case (rank 1, two exceptional zeros, three partial derivatives) is newly established here. Its proof generalises to show that the `almost-anticyclotomic' case of our conjecture is a consequence of conjectures of Bertolini-Darmon on families of Heegner points, and of (partly conjectural) p-adic Gross--Zagier and Waldspurger formulas in families.