Quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensation of spin triplets in dimerized quantum magnet Ba$_2$CuSi$_2$O$_6$Cl$_2$

TL;DR

This study reports the synthesis and magnetic characterization of Ba$_2$CuSi$_2$O$_6$Cl$_2$, revealing quasi-2D Bose-Einstein condensation of spin triplets in a dimerized quantum magnet.

Contribution

It introduces Ba$_2$CuSi$_2$O$_6$Cl$_2$ as a new quasi-2D quantum magnet exhibiting BEC of triplets, supported by experimental and theoretical analysis.

Findings

Ba$_2$CuSi$_2$O$_6$Cl$_2$ has a singlet ground state with a 20.8 K gap.

Magnetization curves match 2D dimer model calculations.

DFT confirms 2D exchange network and weak frustration.

Abstract

We synthesized single crystals of composition Ba$_2$CuSi$_2$O$_6$Cl$_2$ and investigated its quantum magnetic properties. The crystal structure is closely related to that of the quasi-two-dimensional (2D) dimerized magnet BaCuSi$_2$O$_6$ also known as Han purple. Ba$_2$CuSi$_2$O$_6$Cl$_2$ has a singlet ground state with an excitation gap of ${\Delta}/k_{\rm B}\,{=}\,20.8$ K. The magnetization curves for two different field directions almost perfectly coincide when normalized by the $g$-factor except for a small jump anomaly for a magnetic field perpendicular to the $c$ axis. The magnetization curve with a nonlinear slope above the critical field is in excellent agreement with exact-diagonalization calculations based on a 2D coupled spin-dimer model. Individual exchange constants are also evaluated using density functional theory (DFT). The DFT results demonstrate a 2D exchange network and weak frustration between interdimer exchange interactions, supported by weak spin-lattice coupling implied from our magnetostriction data. The magnetic-field-induced spin ordering in Ba$_2$CuSi$_2$O$_6$Cl$_2$ is described as the quasi-2D Bose-Einstein condensation of triplets.