All-order calculations of the spectra of superheavy elements E113 and E114

TL;DR

This paper presents advanced all-order computational methods to accurately determine the energy spectra of superheavy elements Uut (Z=113) and Fl (Z=114), including relativistic and QED effects, validated against lighter element benchmarks.

Contribution

The paper introduces a combined all-order approach integrating coupled-cluster, correlation potential, and configuration interaction methods for superheavy elements.

Findings

Accurate energy levels for Uut and Fl obtained.

Relativistic and QED effects significantly influence spectra.

Method validated against lighter element calculations.

Abstract

We apply a recently developed method (V. A. Dzuba, PRA 90, 012517 (2014); J. S. M. Ginges and V. A. Dzuba, PRA 91, 042505 (2015)) to calculate energy levels of superheavy elements Uut (Z = 113), Fl (Z = 114), and Fl+. The method combines the linearized single-double coupledcluster technigue, the all-order correlation potential method and configuration interaction method. Breit and quantum electrodynamic corrections are included. The role of relativistic and correlation effects is discussed. Similar calculations for Tl, Pb and Pb+ are used to gauge the accuracy of the calculations.