A novel look at the pulsar force-free magnetosphere

TL;DR

This paper introduces an exact dipolar solution for the pulsar magnetosphere, revealing a more efficient energy consumption and a new magnetic field estimation consistent with observational data, offering insights into neutron star geometry.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel dipolar solution for the pulsar magnetosphere with a toroidal geometry, improving energy efficiency estimates and magnetic field re-evaluation.

Findings

Magnetosphere consumes neutron star rotational energy more efficiently.

Re-estimated magnetic field strength as $B_{new}^0=3.3\times 10^{-4}B/P$.

Magnetic field distribution aligns with the $ ext{cot}\chi$-law.

Abstract

The stationary axisymmetric force-free magnetosphere of a pulsar is considered. We present an exact dipolar solution of the pulsar equation, construct the magnetospheric model on its basis and examine its observational support. The new model has toroidal rather than common cylindrical geometry, in line with that of the plasma outflow observed directly as the pulsar wind nebula at much larger spatial scale. In its new configuration, the axisymmetric magnetosphere consumes the neutron star rotational energy much more efficiently, implying re-estimation of the stellar magnetic field, $B_{\mathrm new}^0=3.3\times 10^{-4}B/P$, where $P$ is the pulsar period. Then the 7-order scatter of the magnetic field derived from the rotational characteristics of the pulsars observed appears consistent with the $\cot\chi$-law, where $\chi$ is a random quantity uniformly distributed in the interval $[0,\pi/2]$. Our result is suggestive of a unique actual magnetic field strength of the neutron stars along with a random angle between the magnetic and rotational axes and gives insight into the neutron star unification on the geometrical basis.