Kondo cloud of single heavy quark in cold and dense matter

TL;DR

This paper investigates the Kondo effect in cold, dense quark matter with a single heavy quark impurity, revealing the formation of a resonant Kondo cloud and its impact on quark interactions and matter size.

Contribution

It introduces a mean-field approach to describe the Kondo cloud in quark matter and estimates its energy gain and scattering effects, a novel application in high-density QCD.

Findings

Kondo cloud exhibits a resonant structure

Formation of a Kondo cloud lowers the system's energy

Scattering cross section is significantly affected by the Kondo cloud

Abstract

The Kondo effect is a universal phenomena observed in a variety of fermion systems containing a heavy impurity particle whose interaction is governed by the non-Abelian interaction. At extremely high density, I study the Kondo effect by color exchange in quark matter containing a single heavy (charm or bottom) quark as an impurity particle. To obtain the ground state with the Kondo effect, I introduce the condensate mixing the light quark and the heavy quark (Kondo cloud) in the mean-field approximation. I estimate the energy gain by formation of the Kondo cloud, and present that the Kondo cloud exhibits the resonant structure. I also evaluate the scattering cross section for the light quark and the heavy quark, and discuss its effect to the finite size quark matter.