Conjugate boundary condition, hidden particles, and gauge-Higgs inflation

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel approach to separate hidden particles from visible ones using conjugate boundary conditions in extra-dimensional gauge theories, with applications to gauge-Higgs inflation.

Contribution

It formulates 5D gauge theories with conjugate boundary conditions and explores their implications for hidden particles and inflation models.

Findings

Conjugate boundary conditions can distinguish hidden particles from visible ones.

The model successfully integrates hidden particles into a gauge-Higgs inflation framework.

Physical implications for particle physics and cosmology are discussed.

Abstract

We propose an idea that hidden particles can be separated according to gauge quantum numbers from the visible ones by the difference of boundary conditions on extra dimensions. We formulate 5-dimensional gauge theories yielding conjugate boundary conditions besides ordinary ones on $S^1/Z_2$, and examine physical implications concerning hidden particles on an extension of the standard model coexisting different types of boundary conditions. A model with conjugate boundary conditions is applied on a gauge-Higgs inflation scenario.