Near-horizon physics of an evaporating black hole: One-loop effects in the \lambda\Phi^4-theory

TL;DR

This paper investigates one-loop quantum effects on a massless scalar field near an evaporating black hole horizon, revealing slight coupling enhancement and insights into the particle notion in curved spacetime.

Contribution

It introduces a new principle for defining particles in curved spacetime and computes one-loop corrections to the scalar field's self-energy and coupling near the horizon.

Findings

Coupling constant slightly increases near the horizon.

The 2-point function's sub-leading correction relates to black-hole evaporation.

Pole structure of the propagator remains leading order despite corrections.

Abstract

We study massless scalar theory with the quartic self-interacting term far away from and near to evaporating and spherically symmetric black hole. We propose a principle of how to define the physical notion of particle in curved space-time. Employing this definition, we compute one-loop correction to the self-energy and coupling constant of the scalar field near the horizon in the freely-falling frame. We find that the coupling constant becomes slightly stronger near to the horizon. We also find that the term in the 2-point function that is (partially) responsible for the black-hole evaporation corresponds to the sub-leading correction to the Feynman propagator whose pole structure is of the leading order.