Orbital and physical parameters of eclipsing binaries from the ASAS catalogue -- IX. Spotted pairs with red giants

TL;DR

This study provides the first detailed physical and orbital parameters for three eclipsing binary systems with red giant components, using combined photometric and spectroscopic data, and investigates stellar activity in such systems.

Contribution

It presents new spectroscopic and photometric solutions for three spotted red giant binary systems, including spectral disentangling and activity analysis, advancing understanding of stellar evolution and activity.

Findings

All systems show differential evolutionary phases with main sequence or subgiant and red giant components.

Systems exhibit significant chromospheric activity and are classified as RS CVn-type stars.

Activity is suppressed in stars with Rossby number > 1 and radii > 20 R_sun.

Abstract

We present spectroscopic and photometric solutions for three spotted systems with red giant components. Absolute physical and orbital parameters for these double-lined detached eclipsing binary stars are presented for the first time. These were derived from the V-, and I-band ASAS and WASP photometry, and new radial velocities calculated from high quality optical spectra we obtained with a wide range of spectrographs and using the two-dimensional cross-correlation technique (TODCOR). All of the investigated systems (ASAS J184949-1518.7, BQ Aqr, and V1207 Cen) show the differential evolutionary phase of their components consisting of a main sequence star or a subgiant and a red giant, and thus constitute very informative objects in terms of testing stellar evolution models. Additionally, the systems show significant chromospheric activity of both components. They can be also classified as classical RS CVn-type stars. Besides the standard analysis of radial velocities and photometry, we applied spectral disentangling to obtain separate spectra for both components of each analysed system which allowed for a more detailed spectroscopic study. We also compared the properties of red giant stars in binaries that show spots, with those that do not, and found that the activity phenomenon is substantially suppressed for stars with Rossby number higher than $\sim$1 and radii larger than $\sim$20 R$_\odot$.