Inference of Heating Properties from "Hot" Non-flaring Plasmas in Active Region Cores I. Single Nanoflares

TL;DR

This study models 'hot' non-flaring plasmas in active regions to understand nanoflare heating, highlighting the temperature range and effects that influence plasma detectability.

Contribution

It introduces a hydrodynamic model of single nanoflares, accounting for effects like differential heating and ionization non-equilibrium, to better interpret observational signatures.

Findings

Emission measure extends above 10 MK in models

Effects like differential heating limit plasma detectability

Optimal detection temperature range is 10^{6.6} to 10^7 K

Abstract

The properties expected of "hot" non-flaring plasmas due to nanoflare heating in active regions are investigated using hydrodynamic modeling tools, including a two-fluid development of the EBTEL code. Here we study a single nanoflare and show that while simple models predict an emission measure distribution extending well above 10 MK that is consistent with cooling by thermal conduction, many other effects are likely to limit the existence and detectability of such plasmas. These include: differential heating between electrons and ions, ionization non-equilibrium and, for short nanoflares, the time taken for the coronal density to increase. The most useful temperature range to look for this plasma, often called the "smoking gun" of nanoflare heating, lies between $10^{6.6}$ and $10^7$ K. Signatures of the actual heating may be detectable in some instances.