Collective polaritonic modes in an array of two-level quantum emitters coupled to optical nanofiber

TL;DR

This paper develops a microscopic model for light scattering in a periodic array of two-level atoms coupled to an optical nanofiber, revealing the formation of polaritonic states and their dispersion.

Contribution

It introduces an extended scattering matrix approach that accounts for dipole-dipole interactions and nanofiber coupling, advancing the understanding of polaritonic modes in such systems.

Findings

Dispersion of polaritonic states formed by atom-light superposition.

Scattering spectrum influenced by non-symmetric coupling to nanofiber and vacuum modes.

Method enables full consideration of near and long-range dipole-dipole interactions.

Abstract

In this paper we develop a microscopic analysis of the light scattering on a periodic two-level atomic array coupled to an optical nanofiber. We extend the scattering matrix approach for two-level system interaction with nanofiber fundamental waveguiding mode HE_{11}, that allows us modeling the scattering spectra. We support these results considering the dispersion of the polaritonic states formed by the superposition of the fundamental mode of light HE_{11} and the atomic chain states. To illustrate our approach we start with considering a simple model of light scattering over atomic array in the free space. We discuss the Bragg diffraction at the atomic array and show that the scattering spectrum is defined by the non-symmetric coupling of two-level system with nanofiber and vacuum modes. The proposed method allows considering two-level systems interaction with full account for dipole-dipole interaction both via near fields and long-range interaction owing to nanofiber mode coupling.