2D materials and van der Waals heterostructures

TL;DR

This paper reviews the rapid development of 2D materials and heterostructures, highlighting new physics phenomena and innovative device applications enabled by these layered crystals.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of novel 2D crystals and their integration into heterostructure devices, emphasizing recent advances and potential functionalities.

Findings

Emergence of 2D physics phenomena like excitons and phase transitions

Development of heterostructure devices such as tunneling transistors and LEDs

Utilization of unique 2D crystal properties for new functionalities

Abstract

The physics of two-dimensional (2D) materials and heterostructures based on such crystals has been developing extremely fast. With new 2D materials, truly 2D physics has started to appear (e.g. absence of long-range order, 2D excitons, commensurate-incommensurate transition, etc). Novel heterostructure devices are also starting to appear - tunneling transistors, resonant tunneling diodes, light emitting diodes, etc. Composed from individual 2D crystals, such devices utilize the properties of those crystals to create functionalities that are not accessible to us in other heterostructures. We review the properties of novel 2D crystals and how their properties are used in new heterostructure devices.