Engineering matter interactions using squeezed vacuum

TL;DR

This paper proposes a method to engineer atomic interactions by manipulating electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations using squeezed vacuum states, eliminating the need for photonic structures and enabling dynamic control.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical framework for using squeezed vacuum states to control matter interactions, including the potential for chiral dissipative interactions, without photonic cavities.

Findings

Predicted single atom cooperativities up to 10 with realistic squeezing parameters.

Demonstrated the ability to control interaction strength and range dynamically.

Showed that enhanced vacuum fluctuations can replace photonic structures for engineering matter interactions.

Abstract

Virtually all interactions that are relevant for atomic and condensed matter physics are mediated by quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field vacuum. Consequently, controlling the vacuum fluctuations can be used to engineer the strength and the range of interactions. Recent experiments have used this premise to demonstrate novel quantum phases or entangling gates by embedding electric dipoles in photonic cavities or waveguides, which modify the electromagnetic fluctuations. Here, we show theoretically that the enhanced fluctuations in the anti-squeezed quadrature of a squeezed vacuum state allows for engineering interactions between electric dipoles without the need for a photonic structure. Thus, the strength and range of the interactions can be engineered in a time-dependent way by changing the spatial profile of the squeezed vacuum in a travelling-wave geometry, which also allows the implementation of chiral dissipative interactions. Using experimentally realized squeezing parameters and including realistic losses, we predict single atom cooperativities $C$ of up to 10 for the squeezed vacuum enhanced interactions.