Baryogenesis of the Universe in cSMCS Model plus Iso-Doublet Vector Quark

TL;DR

This paper explores an extended Standard Model with a complex scalar singlet and vector quarks, demonstrating its potential to explain the universe's baryon asymmetry through spontaneous CP violation and a strong first-order electroweak phase transition.

Contribution

It introduces a novel extension of the Standard Model combining a complex scalar singlet and vector quarks to address baryogenesis.

Findings

Provides a mechanism for spontaneous CP violation.

Achieves a strong first-order electroweak phase transition.

Offers a viable explanation for baryon asymmetry.

Abstract

CP violation of the SM is insufficient to explain the baryon asymmetry in the universe and therefore an additional source of CP violation is needed. Here the extension of the SM by a neutral complex scalar singlet with a nonzero vacuum expectation value (cSMCS) plus a heavy vector quark pair is considered. This model offers the spontaneous CP violation and proper description in the baryogenesis, it leads strong enough first-order electro-weak phase transition to suppress the baryon-violating sphaleron process.