Critical Telomerase Activity for Uncontrolled Cell Growth

TL;DR

This paper models telomere dynamics in cells using a chemical master equation, revealing a critical telomerase activity rate that leads to uncontrolled cell growth, which may relate to cancer development.

Contribution

It introduces a mathematical model linking telomerase activity to cell proliferation, identifying a critical rate associated with uncontrolled growth.

Findings

Existence of a critical telomerase activity rate R_crit

R_crit is comparable to mitosis and death rates

Implication for cancer and cellular immortality

Abstract

The lengths of the telomere regions of chromosomes in a population of cells are modelled using a chemical master equation formalism, from which the evolution of the average number of cells of each telomere length is extracted. In particular, the role of the telomere-elongating enzyme telomerase on these dynamics is investigated. We show that for biologically relevant rates of cell birth and death, one finds a critical rate, R_crit, of telomerase activity such that the total number of cells diverges. Further, R_crit is similar in magnitude to the rates of mitosis and cell death. The possible relationship of this result to replicative immortality and its associated hallmark of cancer is discussed.