Influence of the Constant Electric Field on the Mutual Rectification of the Electromagnetic Waves in Graphene Superlattice

TL;DR

This paper investigates how a constant electric field influences the mutual rectification of electromagnetic waves in graphene superlattices, revealing that the induced direct current can reverse direction with varying electric field strength.

Contribution

It derives the explicit electron energy form in graphene superlattices and analyzes the effect of electric fields on wave propagation and current rectification.

Findings

Direct current direction depends on electric field strength.

Cnoidal waves can propagate in graphene superlattices.

Electric field alters wave-induced current behavior.

Abstract

In tight binding approximation the explicit form of the electron energy in graphene superlattice was derived. The possibility of propagation of the cnoidal waves in graphene superlattice was discussed. The direct current induced perpendicularly to the superlattice axis by cnoidal and sinusoidal electromagnetic waves under the presence of longitudinal constant electric field was calculated. Such direct current was shown to change its direction when the intensity of longitudinal electric field changes its absolute value.