Numerical simulation of breathers interactions in two-dimensional O(3) nonlinear sigma model

TL;DR

This paper uses numerical simulations to study how breathers, oscillating solutions, interact in a two-dimensional O(3) nonlinear sigma model, revealing collision behaviors like merging, reflection, and passing through.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed numerical analysis of breather interactions in the (2+1)-dimensional O(3) nonlinear sigma model, including various collision outcomes.

Findings

Breathers can merge into a single oscillating soliton.

Breathers can reflect off each other during collisions.

Breathers can pass through each other without merging.

Abstract

By numerical simulation methods the interactions of oscillating solutions (breathers) of the (2+1)-dimensional O(3) nonlinear sigma model is investigated. The models of head-on collisions in which the interacting breathers, in particular, are combined into a single oscillating soliton, the reflections from each other and pass through each other are obtained.