Experimental Device-Independent Tests of Classical and Quantum Entropy

TL;DR

This paper reports an experiment testing classical and quantum entropy in a device-independent manner using biphoton polarization states, confirming that quantum systems require lower entropy than classical ones for the same dimension witness values.

Contribution

It provides the first experimental validation of theoretical predictions on minimal quantum entropy in device-independent tests using biphoton systems.

Findings

Quantum entropy is lower than classical entropy for the same dimension witness.

Experimental results align with theoretical minimal quantum entropy calculations.

Demonstrates feasibility of device-independent entropy testing with biphoton polarization.

Abstract

In this paper, we report an experiment about the device-independent tests of classical and quantum entropy based on a recent proposal [Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 110501 (2015)], in which the states are encoded on the polarization of a biphoton system and measured by the state tomography technology. We also theoretically obtained the minimal quantum entropy for three widely used linear dimension witnesses. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical analysis, demonstrating that lower entropy is needed in quantum systems than that in classical systems under given values of the dimension witness.