Enumerations, Forbidden Subgraph Characterizations, and the Split-Decomposition

TL;DR

This paper introduces a methodology to enumerate and characterize graph classes by constraining split-decomposition trees to avoid specific patterns, enabling enumeration and analysis of various complex graph families.

Contribution

It provides a novel approach to derive grammars and enumerate graph classes using split-decomposition constraints, including some previously unenumerated classes.

Findings

Enumerated ptolemaic, 4-cacti, and variants of cactus graphs.

Provided grammars facilitate asymptotic, random, and parameter analyses.

Demonstrated the potential of split-decomposition constraints for graph enumeration.

Abstract

Forbidden characterizations may sometimes be the most natural way to describe families of graphs, and yet these characterizations are usually very hard to exploit for enumerative purposes. By building on the work of Gioan and Paul (2012) and Chauve et al. (2014), we show a methodology by which we constrain a split-decomposition tree to avoid certain patterns, thereby avoiding the corresponding induced subgraphs in the original graph. We thus provide the grammars and full enumeration for a wide set of graph classes: ptolemaic, block, and variants of cactus graphs (2,3-cacti, 3-cacti and 4-cacti). In certain cases, no enumeration was known (ptolemaic, 4-cacti); in other cases, although the enumerations were known, an abundant potential is unlocked by the grammars we provide (in terms of asymptotic analysis, random generation, and parameter analyses, etc.). We believe this methodology here shows its potential; the natural next step to develop its reach would be to study split-decomposition trees which contain certain prime nodes. This will be the object of future work.