Mixed-Dimensional van der Waals Heterostructures

TL;DR

This review discusses the emerging field of mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures, combining 2D materials with non-2D materials through noncovalent interactions, highlighting their potential and challenges.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive survey of mixed-dimensional heterostructure devices, comparing them with all-2D and conventional technologies, and discusses future opportunities.

Findings

Mixed-dimensional heterostructures expand the scope of vdW integration.

They offer unique properties compared to all-2D systems.

Challenges include fabrication and interface control.

Abstract

The isolation of a growing number of two-dimensional (2D) materials has inspired worldwide efforts to integrate distinct 2D materials into van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures. Given that any passivated, dangling bond-free surface will interact with another via vdW forces, the vdW heterostructure concept can be extended to include the integration of 2D materials with non-2D materials that adhere primarily through noncovalent interactions. In this review, we present a succinct and critical survey of emerging mixed-dimensional (2D + nD, where n is 0, 1 or 3) heterostructure devices. By comparing and contrasting with all-2D vdW heterostructures as well as with competing conventional technologies, the challenges and opportunities for mixed-dimensional vdW heterostructures are highlighted.