Comparison of dark energy models after Planck 2015

TL;DR

This study compares ten popular dark energy models using current observational data, finding the cosmological constant remains the most supported model, while others vary in fit quality and feasibility.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive comparison of dark energy models using multiple observational datasets and model selection criteria, highlighting the most favored models after Planck 2015.

Findings

The cosmological constant model is the best fit among all models.

Some models like the agegraphic and Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati are excluded by data.

Models such as holographic dark energy still fit observations but are less favored.

Abstract

We make a comparison for ten typical, popular dark energy models according to their capabilities of fitting the current observational data. The observational data we use in this work include the JLA sample of type Ia supernovae observation, the Planck 2015 distance priors of cosmic microwave background observation, the baryon acoustic oscillations measurements, and the direct measurement of the Hubble constant. Since the models have different numbers of parameters, in order to make a fair comparison, we employ the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria to assess the worth of the models. The analysis results show that, according to the capability of explaining observations, the cosmological constant model is still the best one among all the dark energy models. The generalized Chaplygin gas model, the constant $w$ model, and the $\alpha$ dark energy model are worse than the cosmological constant model, but still are good models compared to others. The holographic dark energy model, the new generalized Chaplygin gas model, and the Chevalliear-Polarski-Linder model can still fit the current observations well, but from an economically feasible perspective, they are not so good. The new agegraphic dark energy model, the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati model, and the Ricci dark energy model are excluded by the current observations.