Revisiting the nilpotent polynomial Hales-Jewett theorem

TL;DR

This paper establishes a nilpotent version of the polynomial Hales-Jewett theorem, extending previous results and introducing the concept of relative syndetic sets, with applications to nilprogressions and an extension of van der Waerden's theorem.

Contribution

It introduces a nilpotent polynomial Hales-Jewett theorem that generalizes earlier results and incorporates the notion of relative syndetic sets for the first time.

Findings

Proved a nilpotent version of the polynomial Hales-Jewett theorem.

Extended the restricted van der Waerden theorem to nilpotent groups.

Utilized the concept of relative syndetic sets in the proof.

Abstract

Answering a question posed by Bergelson and Leibman in [6], we establish a nilpotent version of the polynomial Hales-Jewett theorem that contains the main theorem in [6] as a special case. Important to the formulation and the proof of our main theorem is the notion of a relative syndetic set (relative with respect to a closed non-empty subsets of $\beta\mathbf{G}$) [25]. As a corollary of our main theorem we prove an extension of the restricted van der Waerden Theorem to nilpotent groups, which involves nilprogressions.