Carbon-oxygen-neon mass nuclei in superstrong magnetic fields

TL;DR

This study investigates how strong magnetic fields affect the structure and energy levels of certain nuclei relevant to neutron stars and white dwarfs, revealing phenomena like energy level splitting and shape evolution.

Contribution

The paper extends the SKY3D code to include magnetic field interactions and provides numerical solutions for nuclei in superstrong magnetic fields, highlighting novel nuclear behaviors.

Findings

Energy level splitting of spin states observed.

Critical magnetic field induces rearrangement in oxygen nucleus.

Neon nucleus becomes more spherical with increasing magnetic field.

Abstract

The properties of $\isotope[12]{C}$, $\isotope[16]{O}$, and $\isotope[20]{Ne}$ nuclei in strong magnetic fields $B\simeq 10^{17}\,$G are studied in the context of strongly magnetized neutron stars and white dwarfs. The SKY3D code is extended to incorporate the interaction of nucleons with the magnetic field and is utilized to solve the time-independent Hartree-Fock equations with a Skyrme interaction on a Cartesian three-dimensional grid. The numerical solutions demonstrate a number of phenomena, which include a splitting of the energy levels of spin-up and -down nucleons, spontaneous rearrangment of energy levels in $\isotope[16]{O}$ at a critical field, which leads to jump-like increases of magnetization and proton current in this nucleus, and evolution of the intrinsically deformed $\isotope[20]{Ne}$ nucleus towards a more spherical shape under increasing field strength. Many of the numerical features can be understood within a simple analytical model based on the occupation by the nucleons of the lowest states of the harmonic oscillator in a magnetic field.