Complete conservative dynamics for inspiralling compact binaries with spins at the fourth post-Newtonian order

TL;DR

This paper completes the derivation of the conservative dynamics for spinning compact binaries at the fourth post-Newtonian order, including spin interactions and gauge-invariant relations, enhancing gravitational-wave modeling accuracy.

Contribution

It provides the first complete derivation of the next-to-next-to-leading order spin-squared interaction potential at 4PN order, with consistent equations of motion and conserved quantities.

Findings

Derived the 4PN order spin-squared interaction potential.

Constructed the Poincaré algebra for the system.

Provided gauge-invariant relations among energy, angular momentum, and frequency.

Abstract

In this work we complete the spin-dependent conservative dynamics of inspiralling compact binaries at the fourth post-Newtonian order, and in particular the derivation of the next-to-next-to-leading order spin-squared interaction potential. We derive the physical equations of motion of the position and the spin from a direct variation of the action. Further, we derive the quadratic-in-spin Hamiltonians, as well as their expressions in the center-of-mass frame. We construct the conserved integrals of motion, which form the Poincar\'e algebra. This construction provided a consistency check for the validity of our result, which is crucial in particular in the current absence of another independent derivation of the next-to-next-to-leading order spin-squared interaction. Finally, we provide here the complete gauge-invariant relations among the binding energy, angular momentum, and orbital frequency of an inspiralling binary with generic compact spinning components to the fourth post-Newtonian order. These high post-Newtonian orders, in particular taking into account the spins of the binary constituents, will enable to gain more accurate information on the constituents from even more sensitive gravitational-wave detections to come.