Forward di-jet production in p+Pb collisions in the small-x improved TMD factorization framework

TL;DR

This paper investigates forward di-jet production in proton-lead and proton-proton collisions at the LHC, using an improved TMD factorization framework to explore small-x gluon dynamics and saturation effects.

Contribution

It introduces a unified formalism that describes both linear and non-linear small-x QCD effects in forward di-jet production, including saturation phenomena.

Findings

Saturation effects significantly suppress azimuthal correlations in p+Pb collisions.

The framework effectively describes both linear and non-linear small-x regimes.

Results highlight the importance of saturation in forward di-jet observables.

Abstract

We study the production of forward di-jets in proton-lead and proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Such configurations, with both jets produced in the forward direction, impose a dilute-dense asymmetry which allows to probe the gluon density of the lead or proton target at small longitudinal momentum fractions. Even though the jet momenta are always much bigger than the saturation scale of the target, $Q_s$, the transverse momentum imbalance of the di-jet system may be either also much larger than $Q_s$, or of the order $Q_s$, implying that the small-$x$ QCD dynamics involved is either linear or non-linear, respectively. The small-$x$ improved TMD factorization framework deals with both situation in the same formalism. In the latter case, which corresponds to nearly back-to-back jets, we find that saturation effects induce a significant suppression of the forward di-jet azimuthal correlations in proton-lead versus proton-proton collisions.