Universal scaling of gluon and ghost propagators in the infrared

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that ghost and gluon propagators exhibit a universal infrared behavior, which can be explained by a one-loop massive expansion, unifying lattice data across different parameters into universal curves.

Contribution

It introduces a massive expansion approach that predicts universal analytical functions for propagators, independent of parameters or color number, explaining lattice data universality.

Findings

Lattice data for different parameters collapse onto universal curves.

Universal behavior is linked to a one-loop approximation.

Massive expansion predicts parameter-independent analytical functions.

Abstract

A universal behavior is predicted for ghost and gluon propagators in the infrared. The universal behavior is shown to be a signature of a one-loop approximation and emerges naturally by the massive expansion that predicts universal analytical functions for the inverse dressing functions that do not depend on any parameter or color number. By a scaling of units and by adding an integration constant, all lattice data, for different color numbers (and even quark content for the ghosts), collapse on the same universal curves predicted by the massive expansion.