Joint reconstruction strategy for structured illumination microscopy with unknown illuminations

TL;DR

This paper re-examines blind structured illumination microscopy, emphasizing the importance of illumination sparsity, and introduces an optimized, faster reconstruction algorithm capable of 3D and real-time imaging.

Contribution

It redefines the foundational role of sparsity in SIM and presents a novel, accelerated reconstruction method for unknown illumination patterns.

Findings

Enhanced resolution with optimized speckle illuminations

Faster reconstruction algorithm surpassing existing solutions

Potential for real-time 2D and 3D imaging

Abstract

The blind structured illumination microscopy (SIM) strategy proposed in (Mudry et al., 1992) is fully re-founded in this paper, unveiling the central role of the sparsity of the illumination patterns in the mechanism that drives super-resolution in the method. A numerical analysis shows that the resolving power of the method can be further enhanced with optimized one-photon or two-photon speckle illuminations. A much improved numerical implementation is provided for the reconstruction problem under the image positivity constraint. This algorithm rests on a new preconditioned proximal iteration faster than existing solutions, paving the way to 3D and real-time 2D reconstruction