Two-well atomic Bose-Hubbard analogues of optical cavities

TL;DR

This paper proposes and analyzes atomic analogs of optical cavities using two-well Bose-Hubbard models with pumping and losses, revealing steady-state coherence, squeezing, and entanglement effects that are experimentally accessible.

Contribution

It introduces a novel atomic cavity analog using two-well Bose-Hubbard models with detailed analysis of quantum and mean-field dynamics.

Findings

Steady-state coherence is maintained between wells.

Small quadrature squeezing observed in certain regimes.

Mode entanglement is present under specific conditions.

Abstract

We propose and analyse analogs of optical cavities for atoms using two-well Bose-Hubbard models with pumping and losses. With one well pumped, we find that both the mean-field dynamics and the quantum statistics show a quantitative dependence on the choice of damped well. Both the systems we analyse remain far from equilibrium, preserving good coherence between the wells in the steady-state. We find a small degree of quadrature squeezing and mode entanglement for some parameter regimes. Due to recent experimental advances, it should be possible to demonstrate the effects we investigate and predict.