Dynamical scheme for hadronization with first-order phase transition

TL;DR

This paper introduces a dynamical scheme for modeling hadronization during a first-order phase transition, integrating thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, and microscopic processes, validated through numerical-analytical comparisons.

Contribution

It develops a novel dynamical framework for hadronization that incorporates phase equilibrium, fluid flow, and dissipation, validated by numerical and analytical agreement.

Findings

Numerical results closely match analytical solutions.

The scheme accurately models volume changes during phase transition.

Applicability confirmed for one-dimensional dissipative fluid expansion.

Abstract

We present a dynamical scheme for hadronization with first-order confinement phase transition. The thermodynamical conditions of phase equilibrium, the fluid velocity profile, and the dissipative effect determine the macroscopic changes of the parton volume and the corresponding hadron volume during the phase transition. The macroscopic volume changes are the basis for building up a dynamical scheme by considering microscopic transition processes from partons to hadrons and backwards. The established scheme is proved by comparing the numerical results with the analytical solutions in the case of a one-dimensional expansion of a dissipative fluid with Bjorken boost invariance. The comparisons show almost perfect agreements, which demonstrate the applicability of the introduced scheme.