Stability of Emergent Kinetics in Optical Lattices with Artificial Spin-Orbit Coupling

TL;DR

This paper investigates the stability of emergent kinetic phenomena in optical lattices with artificial spin-orbit coupling, demonstrating that such effects persist under realistic conditions with non-zero bandwidth and band mixing.

Contribution

The study uses numerical exact diagonalization to validate and extend previous theoretical predictions about emergent kinetics in optical lattices with spin-orbit coupling.

Findings

Emergent properties remain stable with realistic parameters

Phase diagram of Wigner crystal stability mapped

Strong interactions induce emergent kinetics

Abstract

Artificial spin-orbit coupling in optical lattices can be engineered to tune band structure into extreme regimes where the single-particle band flattens leaving only inter-particle interactions to define many-body states of matter. Lin et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett 112, 110404 (2014)] showed that under such conditions interactions lead to a Wigner crystal of fermionic atoms under approximate conditions: no bandwidth or band mixing. The excitations were shown to possess emergent kinetics with fractionalized charge derived entirely from interactions. In this work we use numerical exact diagonalization to study a more realistic model with non-zero bandwidth and band mixing. We map out the stability phase diagram of the Wigner crystal. We find that emergent properties of the Wigner crystal excitations remain stable for realistic experimental parameters. Our results validate the approximations made by Lin et al. and define parameter regimes where strong interaction effects generate emergent kinetics in optical lattices.