Fully integrated 3.2 Gbps quantum random number generator with real-time extraction

TL;DR

This paper introduces a fully integrated quantum random number generator capable of producing 3.2 Gbps of true random numbers in real-time by combining laser phase fluctuation measurement with a high-speed Toeplitz hashing extraction implemented on FPGA.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel pipeline extraction algorithm and an integrated hardware module that together enable ultra-high-speed real-time quantum random number generation.

Findings

Achieved 3.2 Gbps random number generation rate.

Implemented real-time extraction with Toeplitz matrix hashing on FPGA.

Successfully integrated all components into a compact, stabilized module.

Abstract

We present a real-time and fully integrated quantum random number generator (QRNG) by measuring laser phase fluctuations. The QRNG scheme based on laser phase fluctuations is featured for its capability of generating ultra high-speed random numbers. However, the speed bottleneck of a practical QRNG lies on the limited speed of randomness extraction. To close the gap between the fast randomness generation and the slow post-processing, we propose a pipeline extraction algorithm based on Toeplitz matrix hashing and implement it in a high-speed field-programmable gate array. Further, all the QRNG components are integrated into a module, including a compact and actively stabilized interferometer, high-speed data acquisition, and real-time data post-processing and transmission. The final generation rate of the QRNG module with real-time extraction can reach 3.2 Gbps.